Article 5
Twin transition in the steel industry: Results from national research and simulation workshops in the GTC project - part 1
The steel industry in Europe faces the twin transition of reducing its environmental footprint while implementing digitalisation and process automation. The twin transition in a Polish steelworks with long tradition and a Slovak steelworks with large-scale operations is an interesting example of the synergy of green and digital change in difficult market conditions. The case study of these two companies was the subject of research and simulation workshops in the project 'GTC - Growth through transformational changes in the industrial sector influenced by the EU Green Deal and digitisation and proactive participation of workers in restructuring the changing working environment'. Its task was to exchange experiences between trade unions and employers in the context of a twin transition in the industrial sector in 7 partner countries, including Poland, Slovakia, North Macedonia, Serbia, Montenegro, Romania and Spain.
The case of the Polish steelworks
The Polish steelworks, which specialises in processing scrap steel, has implemented an innovative hot batch steel technology that significantly reduces processing time (from two hours to 45 minutes) and reduces energy consumption and CO₂ emissions by 60%. The introduction of modern dust extraction and room sealing systems further improved working conditions and minimised off-site emissions. The success of the transformation was due to the application of precise technological solutions reducing production costs and environmental impact, the positive attitude of employees towards ecological changes, and the constant monitoring of emission parameters by specialised units. However, challenges such as the need for further investment or the training of employees in the new processes still require attention.
The case of the Slovak steelworks
A steelworks in Slovakia has implemented a comprehensive sustainability strategy aimed at reducing emissions, optimising production processes and digitalisation. The use of tools such as artificial intelligence and big data has resulted in savings of €30 million per year. A key aspect of this transformation was the social dialogue between the employer and trade unions, which made it possible to avoid mass redundancies through employee retraining and voluntary departure programmes. Success factors included the advancement of digital technologies to support production, strong social dialogue to prevent negative effects of restructuring, and a partnership with the Slovak government that stabilised employment.
Conclusions
Both cases show that the success of a twin transition depends on the integration of technology with environmental protection and social involvement. The Polish experience shows how modern technologies can bring both economic and environmental benefits, while the Slovak example highlights the importance of tripartite social dialogue in the context of restructuring. Transformation in the steel industry requires a multi-faceted approach in which technologies, people and development strategies work together for a more sustainable future.
